{"id":71473,"date":"2023-07-12T11:57:07","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T03:57:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/naipnews.naipo.com\/?p=71473"},"modified":"2026-09-10T13:37:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T05:37:07","slug":"%e8%b0%88%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e9%97%b4%e8%b0%8d%e6%b3%95%e4%b9%8b%e5%88%91%e4%ba%8b%e8%b4%a3%e4%bb%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naipnews.naipo.com\/zh-hans\/71473\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8c08\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5211\u4e8b\u8d23\u4efb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90 : shutterstock\u3001\u8fbe\u5fd7\u5f71\u50cf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u672c\u6587\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Economic Espionage Act\uff0cEEA\uff09\u4e2d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95f4\u8c0d\u7f6a\uff0818 U.S.C. \u00a7 1831\uff09\u53ca\u7a83\u53d6\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7f6a\uff0818 U.S.C. \u00a7 1832\uff09\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5c31\u8be5\u4e8c\u7c7b\u72af\u884c\u4e2d\u4e4b\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\uff08attempt\uff09\u5236\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u53f0\u6e7e\u8425\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u6cd5\u4fb5\u5bb3\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7f6a\u4e4b\u300c\u672a\u9042\u72af\u300d\u8ffd\u8bc9\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

EEA\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u53e6\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95f4\u8c0d\u7f6a\u8981\u6c42\u8bc1\u660e\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\u6089\uff08knowingly\uff09\u5176\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u7a83\u53d6\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7f6a\u7684\u88ab\u544a\u4ec5\u77e5\u6089\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u4e4b\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a\u300c\u4fe1\u606f\u300d\uff08information\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

EEA\u4e4b\u7740\u624b\u72af<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53f0\u6e7e\u5173\u4e8eEEA\u7684\u6587\u732e\u7f3a\u5c11\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\uff08criminal attempt\uff09\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u537318 U.S.C. \u00a7 1831(a)(4)\u53ca18 U.S.C. \u00a7 1832(a)(4)\u7b49\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u79f0\u547c\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u7b2c\u4e09\u5de1\u56de\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u4e8e1998\u5e74\u4e4bUnited States v. Hsu<\/em>\u6848[1]<\/a>\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u7684\u8981\u4ef6\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u6709\u610f\u56fe\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6d89\u7684\u7f6a\u5211\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u72af\u7f6a\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u5211\u6cd5\u7b2c25\u6761\u7b2c1\u9879\u300c\u672a\u9042\u72af\u300d\u4e4b\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u672a\u9042\u72af\u9664\u4e86\u8981\u6c42\u300c\u5df2\u7740\u624b\u4e8e\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5b9e\u884c\u300d\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u300c\u4e0d\u9042\u300d\uff1b\u4f46\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u662f\u4e0d\u8bba\u300c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u4e0d\u9042\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u300c\u7740\u624b\u4e8e\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5b9e\u884c\u300d\u4e3a\u5176\u5904\u7f5a\u4e4b\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cHsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u662f\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u300c\u65e2\u9042\u72af\u300d\uff08completed crime\uff09\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u6837\u6001\uff1b\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u672a\u9042\u72af\u662f\u9644\u5c5e\u4e8e\u65e2\u9042\u72af\uff0c\u6216\u4e3a\u65e2\u9042\u72af\u7684\u300c\u4fee\u6b63\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

Hsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u7acb\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u6a21\u8303\u5211\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5178\u300b\uff08Model Penal Code\uff0cMPC\uff09\u4e4b\u7b2c5.01\u6761\uff08\u5373MPC \u00a7 5.01\uff09\uff0cMPC\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u534f\u4f1a\uff08American Law Institute\uff09\u6240\u8d77\u8349\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5404\u5dde\u7528\u4e8e\u5211\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7acb\u6cd5\u6216\u4fee\u6cd5\u4e4b\u53c2\u8003\u7248\u672c\u3002MPC\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6761\u6587\u66fe\u88ab\u5dde\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u6240\u91c7\u7eb3\u3001\u6216\u4e3a\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u5f15\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

MPC \u00a7 5.01\u5b9a\u4e49\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u89c2\u8981\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5ba2\u89c2\u8981\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3b\u89c2\u8981\u4ef6\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\u65f6\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u300c\u72af\u7f6a\u65e2\u9042\u300d\uff08commission of the crime\uff09\u4e4b\u6076\u6027\uff08culpability\uff09\u3002\u5ba2\u89c2\u8981\u4ef6\u5219\u754c\u5b9a\u4e09\u7c7b\u53ef\u6784\u6210\u7740\u624b\u72af\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6709\u610f\u5730\u6d89\u5165\u6784\u6210\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e14\u8be5\u884c\u4e3a\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e4b\u60c5\u52bf\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u8005\uff08\u5373MPC \u00a7 5.01(1)(a)\uff09\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u5f53\u9020\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u72af\u7f6a\u8981\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u505a\u4e86\u6216\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u6210\u5728\u5176\u4e0d\u518d\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u9020\u6210\u6216\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c06\u9020\u6210\u8be5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\uff08\u5373MPC \u00a7 5.01(1)(b)\uff09\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u9488\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u8ba1\u5212\u6765\u8fbe\u6210\u72af\u7f6a\u65e2\u9042\u4e4b\u884c\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8be5\u884c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6709\u610f\u5730\u505a\u4e86\u6216\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u76f8\u4fe1\u76f8\u5173\u60c5\u52bf\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6216\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e43\u6784\u6210\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5b9e\u8d28\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08\u5373MPC \u00a7 5.01(1)(c)\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005Robinsona\u4e0eGrall\u66fe\u6307\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u7740\u624b\u72af\u8db3\u591f\u6db5\u76d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a[2]<\/a>\u3002\u53e6\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u7740\u624b\u72af\u4e4b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e43\u4e3a\u524d\u8ff0Hsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u6240\u5177\u4f53\u5f15\u8ff0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0eMPC \u00a7 5.01(1)(c)\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u5b9e\u52a1\u4e4b\u89c1\u89e3\u5177\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u6cd5\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u53e6\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u672a\u9042\u72af\u7684\u53ef\u7f5a\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u4e8e\u65e2\u9042\u72af\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u89c6\u7740\u624b\u72af\u4e3a\u6267\u6cd5\u5355\u4f4d\u9632\u6b62\u72af\u7f6a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7740\u624b\u72af\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/p>\n

Hsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u5728\u4e3e\u8bc1\u4e0a\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49\u662f\uff0c\u68c0\u65b9\u4ec5\u5e94\u8bc1\u660e\u60c5\u51b5\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\u88ab\u544a\u76f8\u4fe1\u7cfb\u4e89\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3a\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u800c\u7cfb\u4e89\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u5c5e\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u5219\u65e0\u5173\u7740\u624b\u72af\u4e4b\u6210\u7acb\u3002Hsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u540e\u57282002\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u7b2c\u516d\u5de1\u56de\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4bUnited States v. Yang<\/em>\u6848[3]<\/a>\u5224\u51b3\u4e2d\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002\u53c8\u6839\u636eYang<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u88ab\u544a\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5047\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u624b\u72af\u4e4b\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u7b2c\u4e5d\u5de1\u56de\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u4e8e2016\u5e74\u7684United States v. Nosal<\/em>\u6848[4]<\/a>\u5224\u51b3\u4ecd\u5f15\u7528Hsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u5f15\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u610f\u56fe\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u72af\u884c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u4ecd\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c2002\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u7b2c\u4e03\u5de1\u56de\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4bUnited States v. Lange<\/em>\u6848[5]<\/a>\u5224\u51b3\u867d\u672a\u5426\u5b9aHsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\uff1b\u5176\u5374\u6307\u51fa\u4ee5\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff08belief\uff09\u505a\u4e3a\u7740\u624b\u72af\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u662f\u6709\u7591\u8651\u7684\u3002Lange<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fbe\u6210\u65e2\u9042\u4e4b\u5b9e\u8d28\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u53ef\u963b\u5374\u7684\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u9500\u552e\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u53ef\u88ab\u963b\u5374\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u5b58\u6709\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u4e4b\u78c1\u76d8\u7247\u88ab\u7f6e\u6362\u4e3a\u50a8\u5b58\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\uff08Shakespeare\uff09\u6587\u96c6\u4e4b\u78c1\u76d8\u7247\u65f6\u3002\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cLange<\/em>\u6848\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u60c5\u5883\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7b2c\u4e03\u5de1\u56de\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u53d1\u5c55\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u7406\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u672a\u4e8e\u5224\u51b3\u5185\u6df1\u7a76\u6b64\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\uff08legal impossibility\uff09\u6216\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\uff08factual impossibility\uff09\u80fd\u5426\u505a\u4e3a\u7740\u624b\u72af\u6297\u8fa9\u4e4b\u8bae\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cLange<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u6240\u8003\u8651\u7684\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ec5\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u4e89\u70b9\u95f4\u4e0d\u751a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u300c\u9644\u5e26\u610f\u89c1\u300d\uff08dictum\uff09\u3002\u867dLange<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u7cfb\u5448\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u5de1\u56de\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff1b\u4f46\u57fa\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5224\u4f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u9002\u7528\u539f\u5219\uff0cLange<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u5728\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0cHsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u4e4b\u6210\u7acb\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u4e3e\u8bc1\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e3e\u8bc1\u6709\u7a83\u53d6\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7684\u300c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u300d\uff08attempt\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8be5\u6848\u88ab\u544a\u4e3b\u5f20\u82e5\u7cfb\u4e89\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5c5e\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u4e4b\u6210\u7acb\u4e43\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u8ba4\u4e3aEEA\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8bb0\u5f55\u663e\u793a\u56fd\u4f1a\u5426\u5b9a\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u53ef\u505a\u4e3a\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u7684\u6297\u8fa9\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8bba\u7406\u4e0a\uff0cHsu<\/em>\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u6307\u51fa\u7acb\u6cd5\u8bb0\u5f55\u672a\u4ea4\u4ee3\u4e3a\u4f55\u5236\u8ba2\u300c\u7740\u624b\u72af\u300d\u4e14\u65e0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4f46\u8be5\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u4e3e\u51faEEA\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6709\u63d0\u5230EEA\u610f\u5728\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u95f4\u8c0d\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7a83\u53d6\u884c\u4e3a\u7b49\u63d0\u4f9b\u300c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u300d\uff08comprehensive\uff09\u6216\u300c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u300d\uff08systematic\uff09\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u610f\u6cd5\u9662\u63a5\u53d7\u88ab\u544a\u4ee5\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u4e3a\u6297\u8fa9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u6307\u51faEEA\u7acb\u6cd5\u5f53\u65f6\u8054\u90a6\u5211\u6cd5\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u5e9f\u5f03\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u6297\u8fa9\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f1a\u5e94\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u4e3aEEA\u72af\u884c\u4e4b\u6297\u8fa9\u7406\u7531\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8be5\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u6307\u51fa\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u6297\u8fa9\u5c06\u524a\u5f31\u6267\u6cd5\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u82e5\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u53ef\u505a\u4e3a\u7740\u624b\u72af\u7684\u6297\u8fa9\uff0c\u5219\u68c0\u65b9\u5c06\u88ab\u8feb\u4e8e\u7740\u624b\u72af\u7684\u4fa6\u5bdf\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u9020\u6210\u6cc4\u6f0f\u8be5\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7ed9\u6b32\u7a83\u53d6\u8005\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8be5\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u56fd\u4f1a\u6240\u9884\u89c1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

Hsu<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3aYang<\/em>\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u53e6Yang<\/em>\u6848\u7684\u88ab\u544a\u4ea6\u4e3b\u5f20\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u7684\u6297\u8fa9\uff0c\u4f46Yang<\/em>\u6848\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5c06\u9020\u6210\u68c0\u65b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u4ed6\u8005\u4e4b\u52a9\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fa6\u529e\u4e0e\u8d77\u8bc9\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7a83\u53d6\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

EEA\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u6cd5\u7eb3\u5165\u5211\u4e8b\u8d23\u4efb\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4fee\u6cd5\u76ee\u7684\u610f\u5728\u8865\u8db3\u5211\u6cd5\u6240\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u300c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u95f4\u8c0d\u300d\u4e4b\u5904\u7f5a\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u53f0\u6e7e\u8425\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u6cd5\u7b2c13\u6761\u4e4b1\u7b2c2\u9879\u548c\u7b2c13\u6761\u4e4b2\u7b2c2\u9879\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fb5\u5bb3\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7f6a\u4e4b\u300c\u672a\u9042\u72af\u300d\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u9488\u5bf9\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u6709\u7a83\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u88ab\u544a\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7f8e\u56fdEEA\u4e4b\u7740\u624b\u72af\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fb5\u5bb3\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u7f6a\u4e4b\u300c\u672a\u9042\u72af\u300d\u800c\u5904\u7f5a\uff0c\u4ee5\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u904f\u963b\u300c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u95f4\u8c0d\u300d\u4e4b\u7acb\u6cd5\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u5907\u6ce8\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
    \n
  1. United States v. Hsu, 155 F.3d 189 (3d Cir. 1998).<\/li>\n
  2. Paul H. Robinson & Jane A. Grall,\u00a0Element Analysis in Defining Criminal Liability: The Model Penal Code and Beyond<\/em>, 35 Stan. L. Rev. 681 (1983).<\/li>\n
  3. United States v. Yang, 281 F.3d 534 (6th Cir. 2002).<\/li>\n
  4. United States v. Nosal, 844 F.3d 1024 (9th Cir. 2016).<\/li>\n
  5. United States v. Lange, 312 F.3d 263 (7th Cir. 2002).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n

    \u597d\u6d88\u606f\uff5e\u5317\u7f8e\u667a\u6743\u62a5\u6709\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u4e86\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u667a\u6743\u62a5\u300b\u5185\u5bb9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u65b0\u95fb\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4fb5\u6743\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6cd5\u89c4\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u65b0\u77e5\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7acb\u5373\u5173\u6ce8\u5317\u7f8e\u667a\u6743\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u2192 NAIP_IPServices<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \uff5e\u6b22\u8fce\u8bfb\u8005\u5206\u4eab\u4e0e\u8f6c\u53d1\uff5e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\"\"<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u3010\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u53cd\u6620\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f5c\u8005\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u62a5\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u9648\u79c9\u8bad<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u73b0\u4efb\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n(\u53f0\u6e7e) \u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u667a\u6167\u8d22\u4ea7\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6559\u6388<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u7ecf\u5386\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n(\u53f0\u6e7e) \u53f0\u5317\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u667a\u6167\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388
    \n\u534e\u90a6\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u5236\u7a0b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u8054\u534e\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u5236\u7a0b\u6574\u5408\u7814\u53d1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u53f0\u6e7e\u8302\u7845\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u4e13\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u79b9\u817e\u56fd\u9645\u667a\u6743\u516c\u53f8\u4e13\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u5a01\u76db\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u4e13\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u4e9a\u592a\u56fd\u9645\u4e13\u5229\u5546\u6807\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240\u4e13\u6848\u526f\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5b66\u5386\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5723\u8def\u6613\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5f8b\u535a\u58eb
    \n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5723\u8def\u6613\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u667a\u6167\u8d22\u4ea7\u66a8\u79d1\u6280\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u5b66\u7855\u58eb
    \n(\u53f0\u6e7e) \u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5f8b\u79d1\u9645\u6574\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6cd5\u5b66\u7855\u58eb
    \n\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5de5\u6240\u7855\u58eb
    \n\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5de5\u7cfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    <\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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