{"id":34714,"date":"2025-11-16T00:00:07","date_gmt":"2025-11-15T16:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/naipnews.naipo.com\/?p=34714"},"modified":"2025-11-12T15:57:14","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T07:57:14","slug":"%e5%bb%b6%e7%bb%ad%e7%be%8e%e3%80%8a%e4%b8%93%e5%88%a9%e6%b3%95%e3%80%8b%e7%ac%ac284%e6%9d%a1%e8%a3%81%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%8bcafc%e5%88%a4%e4%be%8b%e6%b3%95-%e4%bb%a5%e5%ae%9e%e4%be%8b%e6%8e%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naipnews.naipo.com\/zh-hans\/34714\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5ef6\u7eed\u7f8e\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c284\u6761\u88c1\u5b9a\u4e4bCAFC\u5224\u4f8b\u6cd5 \u2014 \u4ee5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u63a2\u8ba8\u300c\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u9650\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90 : shutterstock\u3001\u8fbe\u5fd7\u5f71\u50cf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cCAFC\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e43\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e0e\u4e13\u5229\u53d1\u660e\u95f4\u5e76\u65e0\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\uff08functional relationship\uff09\u3001\u4e14\u4ec5\u56e0\u65b9\u4fbf\u6027\u6216\u7ecf\u8425\u4e0a\u6709\u597d\u5904\uff08convenience or business advantage\uff09\u4e4b\u7f18\u6545\u624d\u66fe\u4e0e\u4fb5\u6743\u7269\u54c1\u4e00\u540c\u9500\u552e\uff0c\u5176\u5224\u4f8b\u6cd5\u5e76\u672a\u5c06\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u8d23\u4efb\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u8be5\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b\u800c\u82e5\u5c31\u8be5\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u7ed9\u4e88\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u662f\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4fb5\u6743\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9002\u5ea6\u8865\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9650\u5236\u6848\u4f8b\uff1aAm. Seating Co. v. USSC Grp., Inc.\u6848\u5224\u51b3[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728CAFC\u5ba1\u7406Am. Seating\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u4e89\u4e13\u5229\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e13\u5229\u7b2c5,888,038\u53f7\uff08038\u53f7\u4e13\u5229\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6d89\u53ca\u5408\u4e8e\u6cd5\u89c4\u7684\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u4f17\u8fd0\u8f93\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8f6e\u6905\u56fa\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08wheelchair restraint system\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8bc9\u5ba1\u65f6\uff0cCAFC\u540c\u610f\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u6b64\u6848\u5173\u4e8e\u300c\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5173\u4e8e\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e4b\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\uff0cCAFC\u6307\u51fa\u539f\u544a\u672a\u80fd\u4e3e\u8bc1\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u4e0e\u8be5\u4e13\u5229\u56fa\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f4\u5177\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u754c\u5b9a\u300c\u9644\u968f\u9500\u552e\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n

CAFC\u9996\u5148\u754c\u5b9a\u300c\u9644\u968f\u9500\u552e\u300d\uff08convoyed sale\uff09\u6307\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u9500\u552e\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u76f8\u5173\u8fde\u7684\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cCAFC\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e13\u5229\u6743\u4eba\u80fd\u5c31\u4e0e\u4e13\u5229\u5bf9\u8c61\u642d\u552e\u7684\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u5373\u9644\u968f\u9500\u552e\uff09\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e4b\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u5176\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u4e13\u5229\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u4ea7\u54c1\u7b49\u7686\u89c6\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u603b\u6210\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6216\u5b8c\u6574\u673a\u5668\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u4e13\u5229\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u4ea7\u54c1\u7b49\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5355\u5143\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

CAFC\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u7269\u54c1\u4e43\u4e0e\u4e13\u5229\u53d1\u660e\u95f4\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5b58\u6709\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\u3001\u4e14\u8be5\u7269\u54c1\u66fe\u4e0e\u4fb5\u6743\u7269\u54c1\u4e00\u540c\u9500\u552e\u4ec5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u6027\u6216\u7ecf\u8425\u4e0a\u6709\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u5176\u5224\u4f8b\u6cd5\u5e76\u672a\u5c06\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u8d23\u4efb\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u8be5\u7c7b\u7269\u54c1\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u82e5\u5c31\u8be5\u7c7b\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u7ed9\u4e88\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u662f\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4fb5\u6743\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9002\u5ea6\u8865\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c8\uff0cCAFC\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1\u4e0e\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1\u95f4\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e14\u300c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u300d\u662f\u8be5\u4e8c\u8005\u4ee5\u6574\u5957\u65b9\u5f0f\u9500\u552e\u4e4b\u552f\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5219\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\u5373\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0cCAFC\u6307\u51fa\u5373\u4f7f\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u504f\u597d\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u4f9b\u8d27\u5546\u53d6\u5f97\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u4e0e\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u8f6e\u6905\u56fa\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u80fd\u8f7b\u677e\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u91c7\u8d2d\u3001\u7ef4\u4fee\u3001\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5916\u89c2\u7b49\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u7acb\u4e0b\u5b9a\u8bba\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ea7\u6905\u548c\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e43\u6a21\u62df\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u603b\u6210\u4e4b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u6216\u5b8c\u6574\u673a\u5668\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u88c1\u5b9a\u5e94\u7ef4\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u4ece\u5bf9\u539f\u544a\u6700\u6709\u5229\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u68c0\u89c6\u76f8\u5173\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5374\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f7f\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u8ba4\u5b9a\u8be5\u4e13\u5229\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u7b49\u4e3a\u300c\u5355\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5355\u5143\u300d\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6848\u4ef6\u8bc1\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/p>\n

CAFC\u5f52\u7eb3Am. Seating\u6848\u76f8\u5173\u8bc1\u636e\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\uff081\uff09038\u53f7\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u9879\u5e76\u4e0d\u6db5\u76d6\u300c\u5411\u4e0a\u53cd\u8f6c\u5f0f\u300d\u6216\u300c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f0f\u300d\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e43\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u91c7\u8d2d\u8005\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u53ca\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0cCAFC\u70b9\u51fa\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u5382\u901a\u5e38\u4ece\u300c\u540c\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u300d\u91c7\u8d2d\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u642d\u552e\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u4e0e\u300c\u4e00\u7ad9\u5f0f\u91c7\u4e70\u300d\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u4e4b\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7cfb\u4e89\u4e13\u5229\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u65bd\u4f8b\u9648\u8ff0\u672c\u53d1\u660e\u4e4b\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7cfb\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e8e\u300c\u90bb\u8fd1\u5ea7\u6905\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u5ea7\u6905\u4e43\u6298\u8fed\u501a\u9760\u5728\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u7684\u4fa7\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f46CAFC\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u4e89\u8bf7\u6c42\u9879\u5374\u672a\u5f15\u8ff0\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u300c\u90bb\u8fd1\u5ea7\u6905\u300d\u7528\u8bed\u5e76\u672a\u610f\u6db5\u8be5\u5ea7\u6905\u4e0e\u8f6e\u6905\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f4\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\u3002CAFC\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u544a\u7684\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4e14\u53c8\u4ee5\u88ab\u544a\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u6765\u88c5\u5907\u4e4b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u4f1a\u76f8\u540c\u4e8e\u88c5\u8bbe\u539f\u544a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u3002<\/p>\n

Am. Seating\u6848\u7ed3\u8bba<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cCAFC\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u503c\u5f97\u5177\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u4e14\u5bcc\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u8be5\u4e13\u5229\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e4b\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u76ee\u7684\uff1b\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u4e58\u5ba2\u7528\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u4e0e\u675f\u7f1a\u5f0f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u660e\u663e\u662f\u65e0\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4ea4\u9519\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5219\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u8ba4\u4e3a\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u65e0\u7406\u7531\u8ba9\u539f\u544a\u5c31\u9644\u5e26\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6905\u9500\u552e\u4e3b\u5f20\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5373\u5c5e\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u52a1\u610f\u6db5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u6240\u5931\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e13\u5229\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4e13\u5229\u6743\u4eba\u7684\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1<\/u><\/strong>\u7eb3\u5165\u8d54\u507f\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5224\u65ad\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1\u662f\u5426\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1\u95f4\u6709\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4e8c\u7c7b\u7269\u54c1\u95f4\u6709\u4e3a\u8fbe\u6210\u67d0\u79cd\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5171\u540c\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5916\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u9879\u4e8e\u64b0\u5199\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u4e4b\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0e\u975e\u4e13\u5229\u7269\u54c1\u95f4\u4e4b\u4e92\u52a8\u6216\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5e94\u80fd\u5f3a\u5316\u300c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u300d\u4e4b\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982Am. Seating\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u4e89\u4e13\u5229\u8bf7\u6c42\u98791\u8981\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u7528\u4e8e\u675f\u7f1a\u8f6e\u6905\u4e4b\u7269\u300d\u867d\u8fde\u7ed3\u300c\u5177\u8bbe\u6709\u8f6e\u6905\u533a\u8f66\u8f86\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u300c\u8f66\u8f86\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u5374\u65e0\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u5ea7\u6905\u300d\u4e4b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4ea7\u751f\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8bf7\u6c42\u98791\u5e94\u53ef\u4fee\u9970\u4e3a\u300c\u5177\u8bbe\u6709\u8f6e\u6905\u533a\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u5ea7\u6905\u533a\u8f66\u8f86\u300d\u3002\u53e6\u53ef\u5f3a\u8c03\u8f6e\u6905\u533a\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u5ea7\u6905\u533a\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u88c5\u8bbe\u6216\u89e3\u9664\u675f\u7f1a\u88c5\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u822c\u5ea7\u6905\u533a\u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u4ef6\u914d\u5236 \u2014\u53ef\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6e\u6905\u533a\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u5ea7\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e00\u8d77\u9500\u552e\u65f6\u4e4b\u8425\u4e1a\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5907\u6ce8\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. [1]<\/a> \u9648\u79c9\u8bad\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c284\u6761\u5224\u4f8b\u6cd5\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4ecePaper\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u53cd\u89c2\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e13\u5229\u4fb5\u6743\u5728\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u667a\u6743\u62a5\uff0c187\u671f\uff0c2025\u5e748\u67081\u65e5\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. [2]<\/a> Rite-Hite Corp. v. Kelley Co., 56 F.3d 1538 (Fed. Cir. 1995).<\/li>\n
  3. [3]<\/a> Paper Converting Mach. Co. v. Magna-Graphics Corp., 745 F.2d 11 (Fed. Cir. 1984).<\/li>\n
  4. [4]<\/a> \u9ad8\u901f\u751f\u4ea7\u7eb8\u5377\u673a\u5668\u5177\u4f53\u6784\u6210\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5317\u7f8e\u667a\u6743\u62a5187\u671f<\/a>\u6587\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. [5]<\/a> Am. Seating Co. v. USSC Grp., Inc., 514 F.3d 1262 (Fed. Cir. 2008).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8d23\u4efb\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u5362\u9880<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u3010\u672c\u6587\u4ec5\u53cd\u6620\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f5c\u8005\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u62a5\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u9648\u79c9\u8bad<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u73b0\u4efb\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n(\u53f0\u6e7e) \u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u667a\u6167\u8d22\u4ea7\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6559\u6388<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u7ecf\u5386\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\n(\u53f0\u6e7e) \u53f0\u5317\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u667a\u6167\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388
    \n\u534e\u90a6\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u5236\u7a0b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u8054\u534e\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u5236\u7a0b\u6574\u5408\u7814\u53d1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u53f0\u6e7e\u8302\u7845\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u4e13\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u79b9\u817e\u56fd\u9645\u667a\u6743\u516c\u53f8\u4e13\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u5a01\u76db\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u4e13\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08
    \n\u4e9a\u592a\u56fd\u9645\u4e13\u5229\u5546\u6807\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240\u4e13\u6848\u526f\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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